We examine key movements in the Pacific Theatre - the Fall of Singapore, the Battle of Midway and the Kokoda Campaign - Rommel's offensives in Africa, and the Allied bombing campaign over Europe.

The Axis forces begin to lose hold on their previous triumphs; between Japan's loosening hold on southeast Asia and Germany's growing defeats in Europe, we begin to see WW2's turning of the tide.

This episode explores moments of the war where Allied forces started to push back: the relief of Leningrad, the liberation of Paris, D-Day and the liberation of the Nazi extermination camps.

Once the most powerful empire in history, Rome collapsed in 476 A.D. / C.E. - but was it truly the barbarian invasions that ended it? We uncover some deeper causes such as plagues and climate shifts.

The Carthaginian Empire was a Mediterranean superpower that dominated trade and warfare, but Rome annihilated it in 146 B.C. / B.C.E; what led to its downfall?

The Great Pyramids stand as a testament to Egypt's power, but the Old Kingdom collapsed by 2200 B.C. / B.C.E; what caused the fall of the Pyramid Age?

For 2,600 years, Carcassonne has stood as Europe's ultimate fortress. Blending archaeology and engineering, we learn how innovation, strategy and restoration shaped an 'impregnable' citadel.

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is the most sacred Christian site in the world; defied by time, wars and earthquakes, it was rebuilt many times and now excavations reveal its secrets as never before.

The Sphinx is the most monumental ancient sculpture in the world at 73 metres long, 20 metres high and 14 metres wide. Who commissioned it, how was it erected, and what is its significance?

Hidden in the rainforest, Tikal was the capital of the most powerful kingdom built by the Maya; now new technologies such as LiDar allow researchers to reveal new secrets about this exceptional place.

Chambord is the largest of the Loire castles; with 220,000 tons of stone needed for its construction, it is one of the most important building sites of the Renaissance.

November 1944: as the Allies advance into Germany, they run into concrete bunkers, pillboxes, minefields and tank traps. German soldiers fight tenaciously to defend their homeland.

December 1944: Hitler has picked the Ardennes sector for a major offensive. The surprise attack, spearheaded by elite divisions, initially sends American units reeling.

March 1945: the Allies have reached the River Rhine. Montgomery plans a giant operation to cross the river in the north, but luck hands the Americans a bridge over the Rhine at Remagen.

By 5:00pm on the 2nd of May, 1945, the last guns stopped firing among the ruins of Berlin as the iconic image of the Soviet Red Flag rising above the Reichstag symbolised an irreversible change.

Japan stood at a crossroads after the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings; on the 14th of August, 1945, Emperor Hirohito retreated to his office bunker to record a message announcing Japan's surrender.

Georgian Britain is one of the most romanticised periods in history. But this is far from the truth. A fun documentary on courtship and the sex lives of the Georgian aristocracy.

How intimate was Queen Victoria's relationship with her Highland servant John Brown? Criminal barrister Rob Rinder and British historian Dr Fern Riddell uncover the truth behind the rumour.

Eight attempts were made on Queen Victoria's life during her 63-year reign. We uncover the motives of the would-be assassins, and explore how Victoria's resilience helped shape modern monarchy.

Archaeologist Zahi Hawass hopes to discover the tomb of Imhotep, the architect of the Step Pyramid of Djoser, and aims to unearth the many secrets of the Egyptian mummies with his team.

Zahi Hawass is excavating an enclosure called Gisr El-Mudir where sarcophagi containing mysterious mummies and rich painted tombs are discovered; will these treasures lead them to Imhotep?